General information

Chlorides are compounds of the chemical element chlorine. Chlorine can be combined with metals, semi-metals or non-metals. Metal chlorides such as sodium and cobalt(II) chloride are salts of hydrochloric acid.

Examples of nonmetal chlorides are hydrogen chloride, sulfur chloride and carbon tetrachloride.

Areas of application

Non-metal chlorides such as hydrogen chloride, sulfur chloride, carbon tetrachloride and chlorine dioxide are much more volatile as molecular compounds than salt-like chlorides.

Chlorides are widely used in industry and technology. Some important chlorides are sodium, ferrous and ferric chloride, as well as potassium and ammonium chloride.

Iron(II) and iron(III) chloride are important products in drinking water and waste water treatment, where they are used as precipitants and flocculants.

The best-known chloride is sodium chloride, which is used in the food industry as cooking and table salt as well as a seasoning and preservative.

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