General information

Filter materials remove unwanted contaminants such as debris, taste and odor. There are five types of filter materials. Mechanical, absorptive, sequestering, ion exchange, and reverse osmosis filters. Each of these addresses a different water problem, and many filtration systems use a combination of these methods to perform multiple stages of filtration.

Areas of application

The basic idea of ​​mechanical filtration is to physically remove sediment, dirt or particles in the water using a barrier. Mechanical filters can be anything from a simple mesh that filters out large debris to a ceramic filter that has an extremely complex pore structure for ultra-fine filtration of pathogenic organisms.

A filter that uses mechanical filtration is usually given a micron rating, which indicates how effective the filters are in terms of the size of the particles they can remove. Common reviews are:

• 5 microns - Removes most particles visible to the naked eye.
• 1 micron - Removes particles too small to see without a microscope.
• 0.5 microns - Removes cysts (Giardia and Cryptosporidium).

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